Red Dead Redemption 2

Chapter 6

"A Fork in the Road"

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Alavi-Naini, R., Sharifi-Mood, B., & Metanat, M. (2012b). Association Between Tuberculosis and Smoking. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors & Addiction, 1(2), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.5215
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Craig, R. (2018, December 20). A history of syringes and needles—Faculty of Medicine. University of Queensland. https://medicine.uq.edu.au/blog/2018/12/history-syringes-and-needles
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Gilman, S. L., & Zhou, X. (2004). Smoke: A Global History of Smoking. Reaktion Books.
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Gumeny, E. (2019, March 12). What Red Dead Redemption 2 gets right about having a terminal disease. Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/2019/3/12/18260456/red-dead-redemption-2-illness-tuberculosis
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Maurya, V., Vijayan, V. K., & Shah, A. (2002). Smoking and tuberculosis: An association overlooked. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease: The Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 6(11), 942–951.
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Vamplew, W. (2010). Sharing Space: Inclusion, Exclusion, and Accommodation at the British Golf Club Before 1914. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 34(3), 359–375. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723510377327
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Volkow, N. D., Wang, Gene.-J., Fischman, M. W., Foltin, R., Fowler, J. S., Franceschi, D., Franceschi, M., Logan, J., Gatley, S. J., Wong, C., Ding, Y.-S., Hitzemann, R., & Pappas, N. (2000). Effects of route of administration on cocaine induced dopamine transporter blockade in the human brain. Life Sciences, 67(12), 1507–1515. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00731-1
von Nussbaum, F. (2003). Alkaloids. Nature’s Curse or Blessing? By Manfred Hesse. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 42(40), 4852–4854. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200385928
Wade, N. J., & Deutsch, D. (2008). Binaural Hearing—Before and After the Stethophone. Acoustics Today, 4(3), 16. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2994724
Wahrman, M. Z. (2016). The Hand Book: Surviving in a Germ-Filled World. ForeEdge.
Weiner, E. S. C. (1989). Tuberculosis. In J. A. Simpson (Ed.), The Oxford English Dictionary (p. 644). Clarendon Press.
Wu, Z., Spencer, L. G., Banya, W., Westoby, J., Tudor, V. A., Rivera-Ortega, P., Chaudhuri, N., Jakupovic, I., Patel, B., Thillai, M., West, A., Wijsenbeek, M., Maher, T. M., Smith, J. A., & Molyneaux, P. L. (2024). Morphine for treatment of cough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (PACIFY COUGH): A prospective, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover trial. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 12(4), 273–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00432-0

"Icarus and Friends"

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Brooks, J. (2024, April 13). Historic Beer Birthday: Joseph Bramah. Brookston Beer Bulletin. https://brookstonbeerbulletin.com/historic-beer-birthday-joseph-bramah/
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Crouch, T. D. (2009). Lighter Than Air: An Illustrated History of Balloons and Airships (Illustrated edition). Johns Hopkins University Press. https://amzn.to/43LfKOV
Deng, Y. (2005). Ancient Chinese Inventions. China Intercontinental Press.
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Hetherington, N. (2003, July 10). The Montgolfier Brothers. University of Bristol. https://web.archive.org/web/20030710144942/https://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2003/hetherington/final/montgolfier_bros.html
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Martin, G. (2023, December 11). Shrinking Violet—Meaning & Origin Of The Phrase. Phrase Finder. https://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/shrinking-violet.html
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Pilsner Urquell. (n.d.). Let the Lager Flow: A Short History of Beer Taps. Pilsner Urquell. https://www.pilsnerurquell.com/stories/let-the-lager-flow-a-short-history-of-beer-taps/
Tasca, C., Rapetti, M., Carta, M. G., & Fadda, B. (2012). Women And Hysteria In The History Of Mental Health. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health : CP & EMH, 8, 110–119. https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017901208010110
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"Visiting Hours"

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Olsson, T. C. (2024). Red Dead’s History: A Video Game, an Obsession, and America’s Violent Past. St. Martin’s Press. https://amzn.to/44ro32F
Stalder, R. L. (2012, October 23). Inside the System: How Inmates Live and Work. Louisiana Department of Public Safety & Corrections.

"Just a Social Call"

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Hotten, J. C. (1870). Rat. In The Slang Dictionary (p. 212). J.C. Hotten.
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Kass, J. (2016, September 27). When you say, “I could give two figs,” do you really mean it? Chicago Tribune. https://web.archive.org/web/20210619063434/https://www.chicagotribune.com/columns/john-kass/ct-figs-kass-0928-20160927-column.html
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Wiebe, R. H. (1961). The Anthracite Strike of 1902: A Record of Confusion. The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 48(2), 229–251. https://doi.org/10.2307/1902513

Encounter – Annesburg argument

Asmonga, L., & Asmonga, J. (2004). Review of the 1904 Harwick Mine Disaster. Homestead & Mifflin Township Historical Society, 4(2), 1.
Le Beau, E. (2009, November 12). Small-town Cherry plans special events to commemorate 1909 mine disaster. Chicago Tribune. https://web.archive.org/web/20091118000219/http://www.chicagotribune.com/features/chi-1112-cherry-minenov12,0,3602286.story
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U.S. Department of Labor. (2022). Fraterville Mine Disaster: 120 Years Later. Mine Health and Safety Administration. http://www.msha.gov/fraterville-mine-disaster-120-years-later

Encounter – Annesburg scientist

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Gray, E. (2021, November 2). Global Climate Change Impact on Crops Expected Within 10 Years, NASA Study Finds. NASA. https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3124/global-climate-change-impact-on-crops-expected-within-10-years-nasa-study-finds
Hawkins, E., & Jones, Phil. D. (2013). On increasing global temperatures: 75 years after Callendar. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 139(677), 1961–1963. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2178
Huddleston, A. (2019, July 17). Happy 200th birthday to Eunice Foote, hidden climate science pioneer. NOAA Climate.Gov. https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/happy-200th-birthday-eunice-foote-hidden-climate-science-pioneer
Hughes, J. D. (1985). Theophrastus as Ecologist. Environmental Review: ER, 9(4), 297–306. https://doi.org/10.2307/3984460
Humboldt’s legacy. (2019). Nature Ecology & Evolution, 3(9), 1265–1266. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0980-5
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2023). Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896
Kacala, A. (2018, August 7). Infowars’ Alex Jones has a long history of inflammatory, anti-LGBTQ speech. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/infowars-alex-jones-has-long-history-inflammatory-anti-lgbtq-speech-n898431
Kaleb Cashen. (n.d.). John H. Mercer: Alarmist or Visionary? Ohio State University. https://byrd.osu.edu/featured/history-corner/john-h.-mercer-alarmist-or-visionary
Pollio, V. (1960). Los Diez Libros de Arquitectura. Courier Corporation.
Popp, M., Schmidt, H., & Marotzke, J. (2016). Transition to a Moist Greenhouse with CO2 and solar forcing. Nature Communications, 7(1), 10627. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10627
Sorenson, R. P. (2018). Eunice Foote’s Pioneering Research on CO2 and Climate Warming: Update. Search and Discovery. https://www.searchanddiscovery.com/pdfz/documents/2018/70317sorenson/ndx_sorenson.pdf.html
Tsui, J. (2020, February 18). NASA Shows Us How Climate Change Will Drastically Change the Ocean. Applied Sciences. http://www.technologynetworks.com/applied-sciences/articles/nasa-shows-us-how-climate-change-will-drastically-change-the-ocean-330958
Turner, A., & Kaczynski, A. (2023, July 13). Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Repeatedly suggested that chemicals in water are impacting sexuality of children | CNN Politics. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/13/politics/robert-kennedy-jr-chemicals-water-children-frogs/index.html
UKRI. (n.d.). A brief history of climate change discoveries. UK Research and Innovation. http://www.discover.ukri.org/a-brief-history-of-climate-change-discoveries/
Wulf, A. (2015, December 23). The Forgotten Father of Environmentalism. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2015/12/the-forgotten-father-of-environmentalism/421434/

"The Delights of Van Horn"

Anderson, A. D. (2013). Builders of a New South. University Press of Mississippi.
Conrad, J. (n.d.-a). What Does See Eye to Eye Mean? Writing Explained. https://writingexplained.org/idiom-dictionary/see-eye-to-eye
Conrad, J. (n.d.-b). What Does The Big Picture Mean? Writing Explained. https://writingexplained.org/idiom-dictionary/the-big-picture
Daniels, W. (1915). Steam-boating on the Ohio and Mississippi Before the Civil War. Indiana Magazine of History, 11(2), 99–127.
Maddox, D. (1972, April 11). National Register of Historic Places Inventory (Natchez Bluffs and Under-the-Hill Historic District). National Park Service. https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NRHP/72000685_text
Moore, E. W. (1958). Natchez Under-the-Hill. Southern Historical Publications.
Osmond, C. (2019, July 5). See Eye to Eye—Idiom, Origin & Meaning. Grammarist. https://grammarist.com/idiom/see-eye-to-eye/

Encounter – Van Horn drunk man

Jovial Crew. (n.d.). Congo River. The Jovial Crew. https://thejovialcrew.com/?page_id=5268
Musica International. (n.d.-a). Blow Bullies Blow. Musica International. https://www.musicanet.org/robokopp/shanty/ayankesh.htm
Musica International. (n.d.-b). Congo River. Musica International. https://www.musicanet.org/robokopp/shanty/congoriv.htm
Seeger, R. C. (1948). American Folk Songs for children. Doubleday and Company, Inc.
Thompson, B. (2015, February 3). Blow Boys Blow Beth’s Notes Songs & Resources. Beth’s Notes Songs & Resources. https://www.bethsnotesplus.com/2015/02/blow-boys-blow.html
Zierke, R. (n.d.). Blow Boys Blow. Mainly Norfolk. https://mainlynorfolk.info/lloyd/songs/blowboysblow.html

"The Smell of the Grease Paint"

AFI Catalog. (n.d.). Freaks (1932). American Film Institute. https://catalog.afi.com/Film/3996-FREAKS?sid=c8eb1126-735e-46ca-8fe8-8d66848b38da&sr=15.466755&cp=1&pos=0
Beach, R. E. (1903, November 29). The Mule Driver and the Garrulous Mute. Honolulu Star-Advertiser, 5.
Bloom, K. (2003). Broadway: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis.
Buchler, D. (2021, October 19). The smell of the greasepaint, the roar of the crowd are back! Buchler Phillips. https://www.buchlerphillips.com/the-smell-of-the-greasepaint-the-roar-of-the-crowd-are-back/
Buffalo Courier. (1902, December 16). Billionaire Gorgeous Comedy. Buffalo Courier, 7.
Byrne, W. G. (1927, January 2). Facile Pen of Forth Worth Reporter Gave to Broadway Name of “Great White Way.” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, 2.
Cassar, C. (2002). Concepts of health and illness in early modern Malta. https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/42308
Chicago Tribune. (1902, August 10). Varied Types on State Street. Chicago Tribune, 18.
Corbett, J. J. (1976). The Roar of the Crowd: The True Tale of the Rise and Fall of a Champion. Arno Press.
Frith, J. (n.d.). Syphilis—Its early history and Treatment until Penicillin and the Debate on its Origins. JMVH, 20(4). https://jmvh.org/article/syphilis-its-early-history-and-treatment-until-penicillin-and-the-debate-on-its-origins/
Keizer, A. (2022, July 27). Why Is Broadway Called the Great White Way? https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/why-is-broadway-called-great-white-way-75348/
Loewen, N. (1999). Hercules. Capstone.
Ogden, T. (1993). Two Hundred Years of the American Circus. Facts On File.
Rothschild, B. M. (2005). History of Syphilis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 40(10), 1454–1463. https://doi.org/10.1086/429626
Rovin, J. (1987). The Encyclopedia of Super Villains (New Ed edition). Facts on File. https://amzn.to/4ja6J74
Smith, A. (2012). Hideous Progeny: Disability, Eugenics, and Classic Horror Cinema (Illustrated edition). Columbia University Press. https://amzn.to/43OsaWi
Smith, L. (2006). The French Pox. BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health, 32(4), 265–266. https://doi.org/10.1783/147118906778586606
Smith, M. C. (1995, October 30). Movie Review: Grotesquerie Is Merely a Sideshow in “Freaks.” Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-10-30-ca-62791-story.html
Stage Whispers. (n.d.). All The World’s A Circus. Stage Whispers. https://www.stagewhispers.com.au/news/all-worlds-circus
Tampa, M., Sarbu, I., Matei, C., Benea, V., & Georgescu, S. (2014). Brief History of Syphilis. Journal of Medicine and Life, 7(1), 4–10.
William Ruhlmann. (n.d.). The Roar of the Greasepaint—The Smell of the Crowd [Bonus Track] Review. AllMusic. https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-roar-of-the-greasepaint-the-smell-of-the-crowd-bonus-track-mw0000203957

"Money Lending and Other Sins VI" & "VII"

Browning, J. (1951). Anti-Miscegenation Laws in the United States. Duke Law Journal, 1(1), 26–41.
Chin, G. “Jack,” & Karthikeyan, H. (2011). Preserving Racial Identity: Population Patterns and the Application of Anti-Miscegenation Statutes to Asian Americans, 1910-1950 (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 283998). Social Science Research Network. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=283998
Contrera, J. (2019, February 13). The interracial love story that stunned Washington—Twice! —In 1867. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/02/13/interracial-love-story-that-stunned-washington-twice/
etymonline. (2003, April 18). Desertion. Etymonline. https://web.archive.org/web/20030418023501/http://www.etymonline.com/cw/desert.htm
Faust, P. L. (1991). Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War (First Edition). HarperPerennial. https://amzn.to/4jitANk
Jacobs, M. D. (2002). The Eastmans and the Luhans: Interracial Marriage between White Women and Native American Men, 1875-1935. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, 23(3), 29–54.
Levin, K. M. (2010). Stonewall’s Rush to Judgment. Civil War Times, 49(2), 51.
Lonn, E., & Blair, W. (1998). Desertion during the Civil War. University of Nebraska Press. https://amzn.to/4jnOuur
Smith, S. (2012). Draft Resistance and Rioting. History Faculty Publications. https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/history_pubs/22
Weitz, M. A. (2005). A Higher Duty: Desertion among Georgia Troops during the Civil War. University of Nebraska Press.

"The Course of True Love V"

Dictionary.com. (2025). Handsome. In Dictionary.com. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/handsome
Gullickson, G. L. (2017). When Death Became Thinkable: Self-Sacrifice in the Women’s Social and Political Union. Journal of Social History, 51(2), 364–386.
Lowndes, C. (Producer). (2020, July 24). The most notorious act of protest for women’s suffrage [Video recording]. Vox. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0EIFDSb7tWc
Meeres, F. (2013). Suffragettes: How Britain’s Women Fought & Died for the Right to Vote. Amberley Publishing.
Russell, K. (2017, June 8). Don’t say suffragettes died for us to vote – this is what women need to know today. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/08/women-suffragettes-died-vote-today-gender-injustices
Suffragette Stories. (n.d.). Cecilia Haig. Suffragette Stories. https://suffragettestories.omeka.net/bio-cecilia-haig
Thorpe, V. (2013, May 25). Truth behind the death of suffragette Emily Davison is finally revealed. The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/may/26/emily-davison-suffragette-death-derby-1913

"Do Not Seek Absolution"

Bremner, R. H. (1970). Children and Youth in America: A Documentary History. Harvard University Press.
Derickson, A. (1998). Black Lung: Anatomy of a Public Health Disaster. Cornell University Press.
Freedman, R., & Hine, L. W. (1994). Kids at Work: Lewis Hine and the Crusade Against Child Labor. Clarion Books.
Hindman, H. D. (2002). Child Labor: An American History. M. E. Sharpe.
Jabour, A. (2016, February 23). Women’s Work and Sex Work in Nineteenth-Century America. Mercy Street Revealed. https://web.archive.org/web/20160226090407/https://www.pbs.org/mercy-street/blogs/mercy-street-revealed/womens-work-and-sex-work-in-nineteenth-century-america/
Kindy, D. (2020, February 21). The History of the Hard Hat. Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/history-hard-hat-180974238/
McIntosh, R. (2000). Boys in the Pits: Child Labour in Coal Mines. McGill-Queen’s University Press. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/unisa/detail.action?docID=3330605
Sanger, W. W. (1859). The History of Prostitution: Its Extent, Causes, and Effects Throughout the World. Harper & Brothers.
Smithsonian. (n.d.-a). Helmets. National Museum of American History. https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object-groups/mining-lights-and-hats/helmets
Smithsonian. (n.d.-b). Mining Lights and Hats. National Museum of American History. https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object-groups/mining-lights-and-hats
Smithsonian Institution. (n.d.). Carbide Lamps. Smithsonian Institution. https://www.si.edu/spotlight/mining-lights-and-hats/carbide-lamps

"Of Men and Angels"

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (n.d.). Bible Gateway 1 Corinthians 13: NIV. https://web.mit.edu/jywang/www/cef/Bible/NIV/NIV_Bible/1COR+13.html

"A Rage Unleashed"

Becker, P., & Wilma, D. (2003, February 24). United States establishes Fort Simcoe at the foot of the Simcoe Mount. HistoryLink. https://www.historylink.org/File/5292
Bell, R. T. (2017, September 27). Sitting Bull’s Lost Horses? Medium. https://medium.com/@ryantbell/sitting-bulls-lost-horses-e2c9036d8284
Bellfy, P. (1996). Savage, Savages, Savagism. In F. E. Hoxie (Ed.), Encyclopedia of North American Indians (pp. 568–570). Houghton Mifflin Company.
Booth, T. T. (2009). Cheaper Than Bullets: American Indian Boarding Schools and Assimilation Policy, 1890-1930. In M. B. Spencer (Ed.), Proceedings of the Eighth Native American Symposium Native American Symposium (pp. 46–56). Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
Bowker, K. M. (2007). The boarding school legacy: Ten contemporary Lakota women tell their stories [Thesis]. Montana State University.
CBC News. (2021, June 4). Your questions answered about Canada's residential school system. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/canada-residential-schools-kamloops-faq-1.6051632
CHWHA. (2021, December 8). The History and Status of the Wild Horses of Theodore Roosevelt National Park – Part 3. CHWHA. https://chwha.org/2021/12/08/the-history-and-status-of-the-wild-horses-of-theodore-roosevelt-national-park-part-3/
Collins, C. C. (2000). Hard Lessons in America: Henry Sicade’s History of Puyallup Indian School, 1860 to 1920. Columbia: The Magazine of Northwest History, 14(4). https://www.washingtonhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/winter-2000-01.pdf
Cooper, A. (2023, February 12). Canada’s unmarked graves: How residential schools carried out “cultural genocide” against indigenous children. CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/canada-residential-schools-unmarked-graves-indigenous-children-60-minutes-2023-02-12/
David Wilton. (2004). Word Myths. Oxford University Press.
Evans-Campbell, T., Walters, K. L., Pearson, C. R., & Campbell, C. D. (2012). Indian Boarding School Experience, Substance Use, and Mental Health among Urban Two-Spirit American Indian/Alaska Natives. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 38(5), 421–427. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2012.701358
Fenn, K. (2021, June 2). Murray Sinclair calls for inquiry into residential school burial sites, more support for survivors. CBC Radio. https://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-for-june-2-2021-1.6049839/murray-sinclair-calls-for-inquiry-into-residential-school-burial-sites-more-support-for-survivors-1.6050375
Foley, H. (1875). Records of the English Province of the Society of Jesus: Historic facts illustrative of the labours and sufferings of its members in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. London : Burns and Oates.
Galt, J. (1833). The Stolen Child: A Tale of the Town, Founded on a Certain Interesting Fact. Carey, Lea and Blanchard.
Hamilton, R. (2000, Summer). US and NA Relations. Ampersand. http://itech.fgcu.edu/&/issues/vol3/issue1/united.htm
Herbst, P. H., & Herbst, P. (1997). The Color of Words: An Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Ethnic Bias in the United States. Intercultural Press.
Hill Times. (2019, October 7). Never forget Indigenous children who died at residential schools. The Hill Times. https://www.hilltimes.com/story/2019/10/07/218263/266272/
Investing in Native Communities. (n.d.). Compulsory attendance law for Native Boarding School attendance. Investing in Native Communities. https://nativephilanthropy.candid.org/events/compulsory-attendance-law-for-native-boarding-school-attendance
Jones, J. L., Bosworth, D. A., & Lonetree, A. (2011). American Indian Boarding Schools: An Exploration of Global Ethnic & Cultural Cleansing: A Supplementary Curriculum Guide. Ziibiwing Center of Anishinable Culture & Lifeways. http://www.nativenewsnetwork.com/support-files/american-indian-boarding-schools-curriculum-guide.pdf
Keller, R. H., Jr. (1974). American Indian Education: An Historical Context. Journal of the West, 13(2), 75–82.
Luxen, M. (2015, June 4). Survivors of Canada’s “cultural genocide” still healing. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33001425
Mason, P. H., Roy, A., Spillane, J., & Singh, P. (2016). Social, Historical and Cultural Dimensions of Tuberculosis. Journal of Biosocial Science, 48(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932015000115
Morgan, T. J. (1891). Sixtieth Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to the Secretary of the Interior. https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/ANY23YOC255CZT8R/pages/ATYVI55A5Y3D2J9B
Morison, S. E. (1942). Admiral of the Ocean Sea: A Life of Christopher Columbus. Boston, Little, Brown and Co.
Native American Aid. (n.d.). Native American History and Culture: Boarding Schools. Native American Aid. http://secure.nativepartnership.org/site/PageServer;jsessionid=00000000.app20062a?pagename=naa_hist_boardingschools&NONCE_TOKEN=443DF804FC4966FE6CE4D5EEBF2DB787
Pember, M. A. (2019, March 8). Death by Civilization. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2019/03/traumatic-legacy-indian-boarding-schools/584293/
Roberts, C. (1987). The Cushman Indian Trades School and World War I. American Indian Quarterly, 11(3), 221–239. https://doi.org/10.2307/1184043
Springer, P. (2007, November 3). Unbridled history: Historians want horses they claim are tied to Sitting Bull preserved. InForum. https://www.inforum.com/newsmd/unbridled-history-historians-want-horses-they-claim-are-tied-to-sitting-bull-preserved
Straight Dope. (2001, October 25). Does “Indian” derive from Columbus’s description of Native Americans as “una gente in Dios”? The Straight Dope. https://www.straightdope.com/21343101/does-indian-derive-from-columbus-s-description-of-native-americans-as-una-gente-in-dios
Trennert, R. A. (1982). Educating Indian Girls at Nonreservation Boarding Schools, 1878-1920. The Western Historical Quarterly, 13(3), 271–290. https://doi.org/10.2307/969414
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. (2015). Canada’s Residential Schools: The History, Part 1, Origins to 1939: The Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Volume I. McGill-Queen’s University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt19rm9v4
Walbert, K. (n.d.). American Indian vs. Native American: A note on terminology. North Carolina Humanities Council. https://web.archive.org/web/20120111165927/https://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/nc-american-indians/5526
Zimmer, B. (2009, October 12). The Biggest Misnomer of All Time? Visual Thesaurus. https://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/wordroutes/the-biggest-misnomer-of-all-time/
Zitkala-Ša. (2012). American Indian Stories. Courier Corporation.

Encounter – Saloon rats

An Unnoticed Struggle: A Concise History of Asian American Civil Rights Issues. (2008). Japanese American Citizens League. https://web.archive.org/web/20100613102647/http://jacl.org/public_policy/documents/An%20Unnoticed%20Struggle.pdf
De Falla, P. M. (1960). Lantern in the Western Sky. The Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly, 42(1), 57–88. https://doi.org/10.2307/41169431
Grad, S. (2021, March 18). The racist massacre that killed 10% of L.A.’s Chinese population and brought shame to the city. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-18/reflecting-los-angeles-chinatown-massacre-after-atlanta-shootings
Johnson, J., Jr. (2011, March 10). How Los Angeles Covered Up the Massacre of 17 Chinese—LA Weekly. LA Weekly. https://www.laweekly.com/how-los-angeles-covered-up-the-massacre-of-17-chinese/
Kearney, D., & Knight, H. L. (1878, February 28). Appeal from California. The Chinese Invasion. Workingmen’s Address. Indianapolis Times. https://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5046/%7C
Kenny, K. (2023). The Antislavery Origins of Immigration Policy. In The Problem of Immigration in a Slaveholding Republic: Policing Mobility in the Nineteenth-Century United States (p. 0). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197580080.003.0006
National Archives. (2021, September 8). Chinese Exclusion Act (1882). National Archives. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/chinese-exclusion-act
Waxman, O. B. (2018, January 12). How Trump’s ‘Shithole Countries’ Comment Echoes a Century of American Immigration Policy. TIME. https://time.com/5101296/shithole-countries-immigration-history/

"Goodbye, Dear Friend"

Allu, M. K. (2020, April 7). Hanged Until Dead—The Story & Truth. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hanged-until-dead-the-story-truth/231567085
Archbold, C. (2012). Policing: A Text/Reader. SAGE.
Bien, H. (2024, April 27). Veranda vs. Porch: What’s the Difference? The Spruce. https://www.thespruce.com/veranda-vs-porch-7510569
City of Parramatta. (n.d.). The Man They Couldn’t Hang: Joseph Samuel. Parramatta History and Heritage. https://historyandheritage.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au/blog/2013/10/12/the-man-they-couldnt-hang-joseph-samuel
Currie, F. (1874). The Indian Code of Criminal Procedure. John Flack & Co.
Ginger Software. (n.d.). Practice What You Preach | Phrase Definition, Origin & Examples. Ginger Software. https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/phrases/practice-what-you-preach
Hunsuck, J. (2014). Hinge Points of History. Certa Publishing.
J. C. (1705). A Justification of the Dissenters Against Mr. Bennet’s, Charge of Damnable Schisme. G. Roydon and W. Smith, and sold by A. Baldwin, at the Oxford-Arms in Warwick-Lane.
Jha, R. (2017, October 3). Here’s why the phrase “to be hanged till death” is used in death sentences. InUth. http://www.inuth.com/india/heres-why-the-phrase-to-be-hanged-till-death-is-used-in-death-sentences/
Los Angeles Police Historical Society. (2009). LAPD’s Finest. The Thin Blue Line, 32–36.
Marshall, A. (2014, August 18). A History of Police Uniforms—And Why They Matter. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-08-18/a-history-of-police-uniforms-and-why-they-matter
Mechon-Mamre. (n.d.). Deuteronomy 16 / Hebrew. Mechon-Mamre. https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0516.htm#18
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund. (2010, January 28). Important Dates in Law Enforcement History. NLEOMF. https://web.archive.org/web/20100128220125/http://www.nleomf.org/facts/enforcement/impdates.html
Rogers, A. (2008). Murder and the Death Penalty in Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts Press.
Scott, G. (1953, September 26). The Man They Couldn’t Hang. The Sydney Morning Herald, 7.
The Code of Indian Criminal Procedure (with Napier, F.). (1872). W. H. Allen & Co.
Theobald, W. (1861). The Code Of Criminal Procedure. Thacker, Spink and Co.
Tucker, J. C. (1998). May God Have Mercy: A True Story of Crime and Punishment. Random House Publishing Group.

Encounter – Arm amputation

Albin, M. S. (2000). The Use of Anesthetics during the Civil War, 1861-1865. Pharmacy in History, 42(3/4), 99–114.
Backus, P. G. (2020, October 19). Amputations and the Civil War. American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/amputations-and-civil-war
Dalton, K. (2020, June 2). An Infinite Blessing: Anesthesia and the Civil War. National Museum of Civil War Medicine. https://www.civilwarmed.org/anesthesia-2/
Jones, T. L. (2022, September 21). Under the Knife. Country Roads Magazine. https://countryroadsmagazine.com/api/content/61d02b54-3b74-11ed-9885-12274efc5439/
Talmon, N. (2018, September 3). Was Civil War Surgery Really Performed Without Anesthetic? CHAT News Today. https://chatnewstoday.ca/2018/09/04/was-civil-war-surgery-really-performed-without-anesthetic/

"The Artist's Way"

Amundsen, C. R., & Ellsworth, L. (2001). First Crossing of the Polar Sea. International Law and Taxation Publishers. https://amzn.to/4j4GVcb
Amundsen, R. (1976). The South Pole (Facsimile Reprint edition). C. Hurst. https://amzn.to/3EgE7K1
Associated Press. (2006, January 22). George Washington portrait sells for $21.3M. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna10964032
Barris, R. (n.d.). The End of the Salon and the Rise of Impressionism. Radford University. https://web.archive.org/web/20150306193836/https://www.radford.edu/rbarris/art216upd2012/Impressionism.html
bourbonveachdotcom. (2019, March 15). Brandy History Timeline. Bourbonveachdotcom. https://bourbonveach.com/brandy-history-timeline/
Britannica. (n.d.). Salon | Impressionism, Realism & Post-Impressionism. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/art/Salon-French-art-exhibition
Brown, S. (2014). The Doodle Revolution: Unlock the Power to Think Differently. Portfolio / Penguin.
Cameron, J. (2016). The Artist’s Way: 30th Anniversary Edition (Anniversary edition). Tarcher. https://amzn.to/429U9i7
Cotter, H. (2002, June 21). ART REVIEW; A New York Bouquet of Gauguin. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/21/arts/art-review-a-new-york-bouquet-of-gauguin.html
Crowgey, H. G. (2008). Kentucky Bourbon: The Early Years of Whiskeymaking. University Press of Kentucky. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jcjb7
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Davies, C. (2019, April 26). And all who sail in … it? The language row over “female” ships. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/26/ships-she-royal-navy-language-row-female
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Richard, P. (1994, November 20). PAUL GAUGUIN: ON THE BEATEN PATH. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1994/11/20/paul-gauguin-on-the-beaten-path/c2056a51-9581-4e0b-b05d-802a26820d2f/
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"Favored Sons"

Abbeville Press and Banner. (1906, November 21). Feathers Glued on Woman. Abbeville Press and Banner, 7.
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"Archeology for Beginners"

Ambrose, S. E. (1983). Eisenhower. Simon and Schuster.
Ambrose, S. E. (1999). Duty, honor, country: A history of West Point. Johns Hopkins University Press.
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"Honor, Amongst Thieves"

Hedgpeth, D. (2021, March 28). How Native Americans were vaccinated against smallpox, then pushed off their land. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/03/28/native-americans-vaccine-smallpox-covid/
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Najera, R. F. (2020, October 12). In the 1830s, Native Americans Learned That Vaccines Could Be Used as Both Weapons and Rewards. History of Vaccines. https://historyofvaccines.org/blog/in-the-1830s-native-americans-learned-that-vaccines-could-be-used-as-both-weapons-and-rewards
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Rubin, R. B. (2020). State Preventive Medicine: Public Health, Indian Removal, and the Growth of State Capacity, 1800–1840. Studies in American Political Development, 34(1), 24–43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898588X20000073
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"The Fine Art of Conversation"

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Milano, P. (n.d.). Dare to Ask: Do Native Americans have facial and body hair? The Florida Times-Union. Retrieved April 24, 2025, from https://www.jacksonville.com/story/news/2009/07/29/dare-to-ask-do-native-americans-have-facial-an/985549007/
Moore, K. (2017, December 15). Native American Naming Traditions. Ethnic Technologies. https://www.ethnictechnologies.com/blog/2018/10/2/native-american-naming-traditions
Naked Armor Razors. (2022, April 25). Do Native Americans Have Facial Hair? Naked Armor Razors. https://www.nakedarmor.com/blogs/news/of-shaving-and-preconquest-how-native-americans-shaved-before-columbus-came
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Parker, J. F., & Johnson, J. D. (1988). Mission to the World: A History of Missions in the Church of the Nazarene Through 1985. Nazarene Publishing House. https://amzn.to/4cpwehO
Price, C. (1996). The Oglala People, 1841-1879. University of Nebraska Press.
Rajtar, S. (1999). Indian War Sites: A Guidebook to Battlefields, Monuments, and Memorials, State by State with Canada and Mexico. McFarland.
Reilly, H. J. (2011). Bound to Have Blood: Frontier Newspapers and the Plains Indian Wars (Illustrated edition). Bison Books.
Roop, C. (2002). Sitting Bull. Scholastic.
Schaefer, J. (1965). Heroes Without Glory: Some Goodmen of the Old West. Houghton Mifflin.
Shirreffs, G. D. (1976). The Apache Hunter. Fawcett.
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"The King's Son"

Becher, J. (2021, January 3). Origin of Right As Rain. Manage By Walking Around. https://jonathanbecher.com/2021/01/03/origin-of-right-as-rain/
Brown, D. (1970). Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. Holt, Rinehart & Winston. https://amzn.to/42ND5P2
Brown, H. B. (n.d.). Conners v. United States, 180 U.S. 271 (1901). In U.S. Reports (pp. 271–276). https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep180/usrep180271/usrep180271.pdf
Brundage, W. F. (2018). Civilizing Torture: An American Tradition. Belknap Press. https://amzn.to/4lpxYfi
Brundage, W. F. (2020, May 20). The conversation about American torture is 400 years old. Aeon. https://aeon.co/essays/the-conversation-about-american-torture-is-400-years-old
Dickerson, J. L. (2010). Inside America’s Concentration Camps: Two Centuries of Internment and Torture (First Edition). Chicago Review Press.
Dictionary.com. (n.d.). Right as rain. In Dictionary.com. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/right-as-rain
Golden, R. (2003, May). Cherokee Removal Forts. About North Georgia. https://web.archive.org/web/20080708151921/http://ngeorgia.com/history/cherokeeforts.html
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Hickman, K. (2019, November 6). War of 1812: Siege of Fort Wayne. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/siege-of-fort-wayne-2361364
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Poinsatte, C. R. (2024). Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828. Lettel Books.
Powers, T. (2010). The Killing of Crazy Horse. Alfred A. Knopf.
Quinion, M. (2000, December 16). Right as rain. World Wide Words. http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa-rig1.html
Quinion, M., & Foster, R. (2011). What is the origin of “as right as rain”? Or “as right as ninepence”? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,5753,-18428,00.html
The Idioms. (n.d.). Fan the flames. The Idioms. https://www.theidioms.com/fan-the-flames/
Woloszyk, T. (2019, October 31). Fort Wayne’s Contribution to Western Expansion. Military History of the Upper Great Lakes. https://ss.sites.mtu.edu/mhugl/2019/10/31/fort-waynes-contribution-to-western-exxpansion/

"Mrs. Sadie Adler, Widow"

Dyer, F. H. (1908). A compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Vol. 3). The Dyer Pub. Co. https://amzn.to/3E9pOab
Flayderman, N. (2007). Flayderman’s Guide to Antique American Firearms and Their Values (Ninth edition). Gun Digest Books. https://amzn.to/4i5nr64
Quinion, M. (2007, April 14). Sharpshooter. World Wide Words. http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa-sha5.html
Roberts, B. S. (1866). Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms (United States Patent No. US52887A). https://patents.google.com/patent/US52887A/en
TOCWOC. (2006, September 23). Origin of “sharpshooter.” TOCWOC – A Civil War Blog. https://www.brettschulte.net/CWBlog/2006/09/23/origin-of-sharpshooter/
TOCWOC. (2013, December 6). Origins of “Sharpshooter.” TOCWOC – A Civil War Blog. https://www.brettschulte.net/CWBlog/2013/12/06/origins-of-sharpshooter/
TOCWOC. (2017, January 12). More on the Origins of “Sharpshooter.” TOCWOC – A Civil War Blog. https://www.brettschulte.net/CWBlog/2017/01/11/more-on-the-origins-of-sharpshooter/

"The Bridge to Nowhere"

Alexander, K. (2024, February). St. Louis, Missouri – Gateway to the West. Legends of America. https://www.legendsofamerica.com/mo-stlouis/
Britannica. (n.d.). Gateway Arch | Architecture, History, & St. Louis, Missouri. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Gateway-Arch
Clark, M. (2011). Railroad Handcar History. Railroad Handcar. http://www.railroadhandcar.com/history/history.php
Clark, M. (2012). Death by Railroad Handcar. Railroad Handcar. http://www.railroadhandcar.com/history/death/
Euripides. (1850). The Tragedies of Euripides (T. A. Buckley, Trans.). Henry G. Bohn.
National Park Service. (2011, February 28). Jefferson National Expansion Memorial—Arch Frequently Asked Questions. National Park Service. https://web.archive.org/web/20110228150037/http://www.nps.gov/jeff/planyourvisit/arch-faq.htm

"The Veteran"

Alexander, K. (2023, February). Missouri Bushwhackers – Attacks Upon Kansas – Legends of America. Legends of America. https://www.legendsofamerica.com/missouri-bushwhackers/
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Andrews, E. (2015, July 23). 10 Things You May Not Know About Ulysses S. Grant. HISTORY. https://www.history.com/articles/10-things-you-may-not-know-about-ulysses-s-grant
Backus, P. G. (2020, October 19). Amputations and the Civil War. American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/amputations-and-civil-war
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Bliquez, L. J. (2016). Prosthetics in Classical Antiquity: Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Prosthetics. In Band 37/3. Teilband Philosophie, Wissenschaften, Technik. Wissenschaften (Medizin und Biologie [Forts.]) (pp. 2640–2677). De Gruyter. https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110809008-009/html?lang=en
Bross, D. (2022, October 22). ‘Programmed to eat’: Northern pike mauls husky at North Pole gravel pit. Alaska Public Media. https://alaskapublic.org/news/2022-10-21/programmed-to-eat-northern-pike-mauls-husky-at-north-pole-gravel-pit
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Charlotte

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"My Last Boy"

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"Our Best Selves"

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"Red Dead Redemption"

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